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Fig. 4 | Molecular Medicine

Fig. 4

From: Reversal of angiotensin ll-induced β-cell dedifferentiation via inhibition of NF-κb signaling

Fig. 4

(color; online only) Angll treatment of diabetic mice potentiates impaired glucose tolerance and compromised β-cell identity. db/db mice were injected with Angll (60 μg/kg) subcutaneously twice a day for 4 weeks. Where indicated, either sc-514 (30 mg/kg) or Irbesartan (IRB) (50 mg/kg) was also administered. a Glucose levels in homeostasis and intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests (IPGTTs) for the indicated groups (n ≥ 6 for each group). b Levels of circulating insulin during IPGTT (n = 6 for each group). Data (a, b) are presented as the mean ± SEM, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 (Angll treated vs. db/db control); p < 0.05, ♦♦p < 0.01 (Angll treated vs. sc-514 treated); p < 0.05, p < 0.01, (Angll treated vs. IRB treated), as assessed using repeated measures ANOVA (c) Plasma IL-6 measurements (n ≥ 6 for each group). Mean ± SEM,*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, one-way ANOVA (d) Paraffin embedded sections from the indicated groups were immunolabeled for insulin (green), glucagon (red), and DAPI (blue). Scale bar (10 μm). Arrow in the 9× enlarged example image indicates a typical insulin+glucagon+ (Ins + Gcg+) cell. Scale bar (5 μm) in the 9× enlarged example image. e, f Quantification of labeled insulin or glucagon positive cells per islet. g Numbers (NO.) of insulin+glucagon+ cells. For Immunofluorescence analysis (e-g): n ≥ 4 mice per group, n ≥ 20 islets per marker. Mean ± SEM *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, one-way ANOVA

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