Fig. 5

The heatmap shows the differences in the hair metabolome and associated metabolic pathways between the eight comparisons of MCDA twins. The relative concentrations of hair metabolites are illustrated via a log₂ scale. Red color blocks represent higher metabolite levels in dividend groups than the divisor groups, whereas green color blocks represent lower metabolite levels in dividend groups than the divisor groups. Only the metabolites with a p-value less than 0.05 (Logistic regression adjusted for gestational age) and a q-value less than 0.01 (false discovery rate) are displayed. List of abbreviations; MCDA = Monochorionic diamniotic; sIUGR = Selective intrauterine growth restriction; T1 = Normal umbilical artery flow; T2&3 = Abnormal umbilical artery flow; L = Larger twin; S = Smaller twin