Table 3 Exosomal miRNA during active versus latent stage of tuberculosis and their implication in the different stages

miR-484, miR-425, miR-96

Serum

Up

The expression of miR-484, miR-425, and miR-96 was significantly increased in serum of TB patients, which correlated with the TB infection level. These results demonstrate that exosomal miRNAs have diagnostic potential in active tuberculosis

–

Alipoor et al. (2019a)

hsa-let-7e-5p, hsa-let-7d-5p, hsa-miR-450a-5p, and hsa-miR-140-5p

Serum

Up

–

In a study, in LTBI, hsa-let-7e-5p, hsa-let-7d-5p, hsa-miR-450a-5p, and hsa-miR-140-5p were found. Some members of the hsa-let-7 family were reported to play roles in the immune response to Mtb infection

Fu et al. (2011), Lyu et al. (2019)

hsa-miR-1246, hsa-miR-2110, hsa-miR-370-3P, hsa-miR-28-3p, and hsa-miR-193b-5p

Serum

Up

In TB samples hsa-miR-1246, hsa-miR-2110, hsa-miR-370-3P, hsa-miR-28-3p, and hsa-miR-193b-5p 5p were found. These specifically expressed miRNAs and differentially expressed miRNAs in different panels and patterns provide potential biomarkers for the detection/diagnosis of latent and active TB using exosomal miRNAs

–

Lyu et al. (2019)

miR‐148a‐3p, miR‐150‐5p, and miR‐451a

Pleural effusion

Up

A study found that miR-148a-3p, miR-451a, and miR-150- could distinguish TB from benign lesions. Hence these miRNAs barely searched in TB, which prompted new biomarkers in the diagnosis of TB

–

Wang et al. (2017)

miR-20a, miR-20b, miR-26a, miR-106a, miR-191, miR-486

Plasma

Up

In a study identified 6 exosomal miRNAs (miR-20a, miR-20b, miR-26a, miR-106a, miR-191, miR-486) in TB patients, 3 out of which (miR-20b, miR-191 and miR-486) showed a significant discriminatory value for pulmonary TB (PTB), TB meningitis (TBM)

–

Hu et al. (2019)