Fig. 2From: Metformin alleviates the calcification of aortic valve interstitial cells through activating the PI3K/AKT pathway in an AMPK dependent wayTUNEL and immunohistochemical staining of aortic valves. a Cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining; b immunohistochemical evaluation of p-AMPK, p-AKT, and Bax expression in control (n = 9) and calcific (n = 8) aortic valves. Values represent the percentage of positive cells in the total number of cells in the sample; Scale bar, 100 μm; CAVD, calcific aortic valve disease; *p < 0.05 versus control group (Student’s t-test)Back to article page