Figure 1

Numerous truncated forms of RAGE. There are three major spliced variants of RAGE: full length, N-terminally truncated, and C-terminally truncated. The C-terminally truncated form of RAGE is secreted from the cell and is named endogenously secreted RAGE (esRAGE). esRAGE has a V-domain, which is essential for binding with ligands, and is capable of competing with RAGE signaling as a decoy receptor. There are other forms of soluble RAGE (sRAGE) that are cleaved from cell-surface RAGE by matrix metalloproteinases. The ELISA assay for sRAGE measures all soluble forms including esRAGE in human plasma, while the ELISA for esRAGE measures only esRAGE, using polyclonal antibody raised against the unique C-terminus of the esRAGE sequence.