Cadmium Concentrations in Blood and Seminal Plasma: Correlations with Sperm Number and Motility in Three Male Populations (Infertility Patients, Artificial Insemination Donors, and Unselected Volunteers)

Table 4 Examination of the relationship between clinical outcome and semen parameters.

Clinical outcome	Parameter	n	r ^a	P
Group 1: fertilization by standard dose-compensated IVF inseminations^b
	Sperm concentration	96	0.161	0.115, NS
	% Normal sperm morphology	96	0.127	0.128, NS
	% Motile sperm	96	0.320	< 0.0015
Group 2: pregnancy by AID
	Sperm concentration	9	0.500	0.297, NS
	% Normal sperm morphology	9	−0.154	0.783, NS
	% Motile sperm	13	0.794	< 0.05
Group 3: Pregnancy by coitus
	Sperm concentration	22	0.2117	0.339, NS
	% Normal sperm morphology	22	−0.023	0.916, NS
	% Motile sperm	22	0.035	0.872, NS

ISSN: 1528-3658