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Figure 4 | Molecular Medicine

Figure 4

From: The Selective α7 Agonist GTS-21 Attenuates Cytokine Production in Human Whole Blood and Human Monocytes Activated by Ligands for TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR9, and RAGE

Figure 4

GTS-21 attenuates TNF production by human monocytes stimulated with TLR2, TLR3, TLR9, and RAGE agonists. Monocytes were incubated with vehicle or GTS-21 (100 nmol/L) 15 min prior to stimulation with peptidoglycan (PGN) 10 µg/mL, poly(I:C) 10 µg/mL, CpG 10 µmol/L, HMGB1 1.25 µg/mL, or AGE-modified albumin 5 µg/mL. TNF levels were determined at 4 h. GTS-21 significantly attenuated TNF production induced by all ligands used. Each drug was tested in duplicate in monocytes obtained from at least five independent donors. Data shown as mean ± SEM. * P < 0.05 versus control; ** P < 0.01 versus control.

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Molecular Medicine

ISSN: 1528-3658