Table 1 Viral vectors and endocytic pathways.
Vector | Receptor | Endocytic pathway | End destination in cytoplasm | Target cellular organelle |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Adenovirus | Coxsackievirus-adenovirus receptor cell surface protein | Clathrin-coated pits | Microtubules (?)/endosome | Nucleus |
Adeno-associated virus | Heparan sulfate proteoglycan, αVβ5, fibroblast growth factor receptor | Clathrin-coated pits | Nuclear pores (?)/endosome | Nucleus |
Retrovirus | Transmembrane (TVA950) or glycophosphatidylinositol-anchored (TVA800) | Lipid-raft-dependent pathway, clathrin-coated pits | Endosome | Nucleus |
Liposomes | Â | Clathrin-coated pits/membrane fusion | Endosome | Nucleus |