Skip to main content
Figure 5 | Molecular Medicine

Figure 5

From: Immunomodulatory Drugs Regulate HMGB1 Release from Activated Human Monocytes

Figure 5

Blockade of TNF or IL-1β did not suppress HMGB1 release. Effects of soluble TNF receptor (etanercept) on HMGB1 and TNF release and on cell viability (A–C), and effects of IL-1RA (anakinra) on HMGB1 and TNF release and on cell viability (D–F), are demonstrated. Human primary monocytes were pretreated with etanercept or anakinra for 1 h and stimulated with LPS/IFNγ for 24 or 7 h. Secretion of HMGB1 and TNF was detected by ELISPOT. Data from at least three experiments were normalized by denoting the number of spots from LPS/IFNγ stimulated cells as 100% and subsequently calculating the effect achieved by addition of the drug; P values were calculated by Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric ANOVA test and found to be nonsignificant. **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001. Cell viability was assessed by Annexin-V staining.

Back to article page