Figure 4

Clinical response to celecoxib therapy. (A) Design of the pilot study, showing the initial 6-month “run-in” period and randomization to one of two arms 1 wk before baseline surgery, with patients receiving 1 year of either celecoxib (arm 1) or placebo (arm 2) followed by 1 year on the alternate treatment. (B) Papilloma growth rates are shown for the three patients in the pilot study, from time of randomization through the structured study period and continuing to the end of the unstructured follow-up period. The rates during the time that the patients were on celecoxib are indicated in red. Patients underwent laryngoscopy/bronchoscopy with complete removal of all visible papillomas at each indicated time point, ±3 wks as required for surgical scheduling. Growth rates are calculated as total tumor extent score divided by number of days since previous complete surgical removal. Rates of ≥0.03 are classified as moderate to severe disease. Direct bronchoscopy photographs show the trachea of subject 3 at the time celecoxib therapy was initiated and after 6 months of treatment.