Figure 3

HMGB1-induced TNF-α and chemokine release are TLR4/CD14 dependent. (A) Peritoneal macrophages from WT, TLR4^−/− and CD14^−/− mice were treated with LPS (10, 100 or 1,000 ng/mL), HMGB1 (5 or 50 µg/mL) or Pam3CSK4 (1 µg/mL) in Opti-MEM for 18 h. TNF-α was then measured in supernatants by ELISA. (B) MCP-1, IP-10 and MIP-1α in supernatants of WT, TLR4^−/− or CD14^−/− macrophages stimulated with LPS (10 ng/mL) or HMGB1 (5 µg/mL) for 24 h. Data are representative of three independent experiments performed in triplicate (mean ± SEM, *P < 0.05 versus negative control).