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Figure 2 | Molecular Medicine

Figure 2

From: RETRACTED ARTICLE: High Systemic Levels of the Cytokine-Inducing HMGB1 Isoform Secreted in Severe Macrophage Activation Syndrome

Figure 2

Longitudinal serum analyses before and after introduction of etoposide treatment in patient 1. Serum concentration of total HMGB1 and hyperacetylated HMGB1 during the course of MAS are demonstrated in (A) with the different HMGB1 redox-forms illustrated in (B). High levels of HMGB1 in both fully reduced and disulfide isoforms were documented during severe disease, which rapidly declined after initiation of etoposide treatment concomitantly with serum concentrations of (C) the clinical biomarker ferritin as well as (D) IFN-γ. In the clinical resolution phase, serum HMGB1 appeared predominantly in the terminally oxidized sulfonyl isoform. Serum concentrations of (E) IL-18 and (F) MCP-1 peaked weeks later when the patient was recovering. MP-pulses: methylprednisolone pulses.

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Molecular Medicine

ISSN: 1528-3658