A Journey in Science: The Birth of Organ Transplantation with Particular Reference to Alloengraftment Mechanisms

Table 1 Characteristics of the first successful transplantations of kidney allografts with ≥6 months’ survival.

Physician	Site	Date	Donor relationship	Survival
Joseph E Murray	Boston, MA	24 January 1959	Fraternal twin	20 years
Jean Hamburger^a	Paris, France	22 June 1960	Fraternal twin	26 years
Rene Küss^a	Paris, France	22 June1960	Unrelated	18 months^b
Jean Hamburger^a	Paris, France	19 December 1960	Mother	22 months^b
Rene Küss^a	Paris, France	12 March 1961	Unrelated	18 months^b
Ralph Shackman	London, England	16 March 1961	Brother	3 years
Jean Hamburger^a	Paris, France	12 February 1962	Cousin	15 years^c
Joseph E Murray	Boston, MA	April 1962	Unrelated	17 months^d
Thomas E Starzl	Denver, CO	1961–1963	Mixed series	>50 years

For annotations, see Starzl and Fung (44).
^aKuss and Hamburger described periodic administration of adrenal cortical steroids with these patients.
^bPatient death occurred at listed time.
^cPatient underwent successful retransplantation in the 1970s.
^dFirst success with drugs-only immunosuppression (no radiation).

ISSN: 1528-3658