Articles

The βc Component of the Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF)/Interleukin 3 (IL-3)/IL-5 Receptor Interacts with a Hybrid GM-CSF/Erythropoietin Receptor to Influence Proliferation and β-Globin mRNA Expression

The interaction of different members of the hematopoietic growth factor receptor family may be relevant to the increased proliferation and the failure of differentiation that characterizes the myeloid leukemia...

Authors: Paul T. Jubinsky, Yayoi Shikama, Andrew Laurie, David G. Nathan, Martin Carroll and Colin A. Sieff

The Transient Pore Formed by Homologous Terminal Complement Complexes Functions as a Bidirectional Route for the Transport of Autocrine and Paracrine Signals across Human Cell Membranes

We have previously shown that the membrane attack complex (MAC) of complement stimulates cell proliferation and that insertion of homologous MAC into the membranes of endothelial cells results in the release o...

Authors: Juan A. Acosta, Laura R. Benzaquen, Daniel J. Goldstein, Magdalena T. Tosteson and José A. Halperin

Traversal of a Polarized Epithelium by Pathogenic Neisseriae: Facilitation by Type IV Pili and Maintenance of Epithelial Barrier Function

Gonococci (GC) and meningococci (MC) are gram-negative bacterial pathogens that infect human mucosal epithelia. We would like to understand the functions of specific bacterial components at each stage of mucos...

Authors: Alexey J. Merz, Dean B. Rifenbery, Cindy Grove Arvidson and Magdalene So

Feedback Control of Glucocorticoid Production is Established during Fetal Development

Glucocorticoids are involved in the regulation of metabolic, immunological, and developmental processes. Their synthesis is tightly controlled by feedback regulation through the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal ...

Authors: Holger M. Reichardt and Günther Schütz

Generation of Monoclonal Antibodies against Human Prion Proteins in PrP^0/0 Mice

Prion diseases belong to a group of neurodegenerative disorders affecting humans and animals. The human diseases indude kuru, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome (GSS), and...

Authors: Susanne Krasemann, Martin H. Groschup, Silke Harmeyer, Gerhard Hunsmann and Walter Bodemer

A Major Allergen of Lymphatic Filarial Nematodes Is a Parasite Homolog of the γ-Glutamyl Transpeptidase

Bm2325, a major IgE-inducing antigen of the filarial parasite Brugia malayi has been implicated in the pathology of tropical pulmonary eosinophilia (TPE), a pulmonary syndrome thought to result from hypersensitiv...

Authors: Edgar Lobos, Regina Zahn, Niklaus Weiss and Thomas B. Nutman

Mechanisms of Tumor-Induced Immunosuppression: Evidence for Contact-Dependent T Cell Suppression by Monocytes

The progressive growth of tumors in mice is accompanied by down-regulation of specific T cell responses. The factors involved in this suppression are not completely understood. Here, we have developed a model ...

Authors: Michele L. Jaffe, Hiroshi Arai and Gary J. Nabel

The Alzheimer’s Disease-Associated Presenilins Are Differentially Phosphorylated Proteins Located Predominantly within the Endoplasmic Reticulum

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the deposition of extracellular senile plaques composed of amyloid β-peptide (Aβ). Whereas most cases of AD occur sporadically...

Authors: Jochen Walter, Anja Capell, Jürgen Grünberg, Brigitte Pesold, Alice Schindzielorz, Reinhard Prior, Marcia B. Podlisny, Paul Fraser, Peter St. George Hyslop, Dennis J. Selkoe and Christian Haass

The Role of Candidate Genes in the Etiology of Schizophrenia

Authors: Kieran C. Murphy and Peter McGuffin

The Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology

Authors: Max F. Perutz

Molecular Cloning of the Human Leukotriene C₄ Synthase Gene and Assignment to Chromosome 5q35

Cysteinyl leukotrienes (LT) are mediators involved in inflammatory and allergic disorders. LTC₄ synthase catalyzes the first committed step in the synthesis of these inflammatory mediators, and its cellular distr...

Authors: Timothy D. Bigby, Craig R. Hodulik, Karen C. Arden and Lixia Fu

A Novel Protease Homolog Differentially Expressed in Breast and Ovarian Cancer

Using differential display (DD), we discovered a new member of the serine protease family of protein-cleaving enzymes, named protease M. The gene is most closely related by sequence to the kallikreins, to pros...

Authors: Anthony Anisowicz, Georgia Sotiropoulou, Goran Stenman, Samuel C. Mok and Ruth Sager

A Novel Mutation (Cys^145→Stop) in Bruton’s Tyrosine Kinase Is Associated with Newly Diagnosed X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia in a 51-Year-Old Male

X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is a severe, life-threatening disease characterized by failure of B cell differentiation and antibody production and is associated with mutations in Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (Btk

Authors: Stephen J. Kornfeld, Robert N. Haire, Scott J. Strong, Huayang Tang, Sun-Sang J. Sung, Shu Man Fu and Gary W. Litman

The Repertoire of CD4⁺ CD28⁻ T Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis

While oligoclonality of circulating CD4⁻ CD8⁻ and of CD8⁺ T cells is not uncommon, clonal dominance within the CD4 compartment is not frequently found in healthy individuals. In contrast, the majority of patients...

Authors: Dorle Schmidt, Peter B. Martens, Cornelia M. Weyand and Jörg J. Goronzy

The Non-Ligand Binding β-Isoform of the Human Glucocorticoid Receptor (hGRβ): Tissue Levels, Mechanism of Action, and Potential Physiologic Role

Alternative splicing of the transcripts of the human glucocorticoid receptor gene results in two mutually exclusive products, the classic, ligand-binding glucocorticoid receptor (hGRα), and a dominant negative no...

Authors: Margaret de Castro, Sharon Elliot, Tomoshige Kino, Christoph Bamberger, Michael Karl, Elizabeth Webster and George P. Chrousos

Aspirin-Triggered Lipoxins (15-epi-LX) Are Generated by the Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Line (A549)–Neutrophil Interactions and Are Potent Inhibitors of Cell Proliferation

The mechanism by which aspirin (ASA) acts to protect against human cancer is not yet known. We recently showed that ASA triggers the formation of a new series of potent bioactive eicosanoids, 15-epi-lipoxins (...

Authors: Joan Clària, Min H. Lee and Charles N. Serhan

Tissue Distribution and Regulation of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 in Obese Mice

Although elevated plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is associated with obesity and may be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, the mechanism(s) that lead to this elevation, and the tissue/cellular...

Authors: F. Samad and D. J. Loskutoff

Mice Expressing Mutant Myosin Heavy Chains Are a Model for Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by ventricular hypertrophy, myocellular disarray, arrhythmias, and sudden death. Mutations in several contractile prote...

Authors: Karen L. Vikstrom, Stephen M. Factor and Leslie A. Leinwand

Induction of Antigen-Specific Tumor Immunity by Genetic and Cellular Vaccines against MAGE: Enhanced Tumor Protection by Coexpression of Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor and B7-1

A number of tumors express antigens that are recognized by specific cytotoxic T cells. The normal host immune responses, however, are not usually sufficient to cause tumor rejection. Using appropriate immuniza...

Authors: Hansruedi Büeler and Richard C. Mulligan

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Glucose Metabolism in Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Subjects

Authors: Robert G. Shulman

The Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research

Authors: Gerald R. Fink

Molecular Medicine Society: A Great Start, a Great Future

Authors: David G. Nathan

Selection of Novel Analogs of Thalidomide with Enhanced Tumor Necrosis Factor α Inhibitory Activity

Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) is thought to mediate both protective and detrimental manifestations of the inflammatory response. Recently, thalidomide (α-n–phthalimidoglutarimide) was shown to partially inhibit ...

Authors: Laura G. Corral, George W. Muller, André L. Moreira, Yuxi Chen, Mingdan Wu, David Stirling and Gilla Kaplan

Expression and Polarization of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 on Human Intestinal Epithelia: Consequences for CD11b/CD18-Mediated Interactions with Neutrophils

Epithelial dysfunction and patient symptoms in inflammatory intestinal diseases such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease correlate with migration of neutrophils (PMN) across the intestinal epithelium. In...

Authors: Charles A. Parkos, Sean P. Colgan, Michael S. Diamond, Asma Nusrat, Tony W. Liang, Timothy A. Springer and James L. Madara

Engagement of Tumor Necrosis Factor mRNA by an Endotoxin-Inducible Cytoplasmic Protein

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production by macrophages plays an important role in the host response to infection. TNF-α gene expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages is predominantly regulated at the translational leve...

Authors: Cyril Gueydan, Laurent Houzet, Arnaud Marchant, André Sels, Georges Huez and Véronique Kruys

Identification of mRNAs Differentially Expressed in Quiescence or in Late G1 Phase of the Cell Cycle in Human Breast Cancer Cells by Using the Differential Display Method

The decision for a cell to enter the DNA synthesis (S) phase of the cell cycle or to arrest in quiescence is likely to be determined by genes expressed in the late G1 phase, at the restriction point. Loss of r...

Authors: Recep S. Alpan, Scott Sparvero and Arthur B. Pardee

A Critical Role of Nitric Oxide in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Induced Hyperresponsiveness of Cultured Monocytes

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection leads to a general exhaustion of the immune system. Prior to this widespread decline of immune functions, however, there is an evident hyperactivation of t...

Authors: Michael Bukrinsky, Helena Schmidtmayerova, Gabriele Zybarth, Larisa Dubrovsky, Barbara Sherry and Grigori Enikolopov

Overexpression of Select T Cell Receptor Vβ Gene Families within CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T Cell Subsets of Myasthenia Gravis Patients: A Role for Superantigen(s)?

The principal symptoms of myasthenia gravis (MG), muscle weakness and fatigue due to impaired neuromuscular transmission, are caused by autoantibodies to the muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR). The...

Authors: Dulceaydee Gigliotti, Ann-Kari Lefvert, Mahmood Jeddi-Tehrani, Semih Esin, Vida Hodara, Ritva Pirskanen, Hans Wigzell and Roland Andersson

The MDM2 Oncoprotein Binds Specifically to RNA through its RING Finger Domain

The cellular mdm2 gene has transforming activity when overexpressed and is amplified in a variety of human tumors. At least part of the transforming ability of the MDM2 protein is due to binding and inactivating ...

Authors: Brian Elenbaas, Matthias Dobbelstein, Judith Roth, Thomas Shenk and Arnold J. Levine

Oligodeoxynucleotides Enhance Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Synthesis of Tumor Necrosis Factor: Dependence on Phosphorothioate Modification and Reversal by Heparin

Specific inhibition of target proteins by antisense oligodeoxynucleotides is an extensively studied experimental approach. This technique is currently being tested in clinical trials applying phosphorothioate-...

Authors: Gunther Hartmann, Anne Krug, Kerstin Waller-Fontaine and Stefan Endres

Neurovirulent Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Induces Neuronal, Endothelial, and Glial Apoptosis

Studies of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) associated dementia have shown neuronal loss in discrete areas. The presence and mechanism of neuronal death, however, has remained quite elusive. One mec...

Authors: D. Cory Adamson, Ted M. Dawson, M. Christine Zink, Janice E. Clements and Valina L. Dawson

SOX Genes: Architects of Development

Authors: Heather M. Prior and Michael A. Walter

Molecular Genetics of Autosomal Recessive Spinal Muscular Atrophy

Authors: Nanda R. Rodrigues, Kevin Talbot and Kay E. Davies

Science and Medicine—1996

Authors: Floyd E. Bloom

Cyclooxygenase-2-Dependent Bronchoconstriction in Perfused Rat Lungs Exposed to Endotoxin

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), widely used to study the mechanisms of gram-negative sepsis, increase airway resistance by constriction of terminal bronchioles. The role of the cyclooxygenase (COX) isoenzymes and t...

Authors: Stefan Uhlig, Rolf Nüsing, Alexander von Bethmann, Roland Lewis Featherstone, Thomas Klein, Frank Brasch, Klaus-Michael Müller, Volker Ullrich and Albrecht Wendel

Insulin-Stimulated Glucose Uptake Involves the Transition of Glucose Transporters to a Caveolae-Rich Fraction within the Plasma Membrane: Implications for Type II Diabetes

Adipose and muscle tissues express an insulin-sensitive glucose transporter (GLUT4). This transporter has been shown to translocate from intracellular stores to the plasma membrane following insulin stimulatio...

Authors: Johanna Gustavsson, Santiago Parpal and Peter Strålfors

AIDS Dementia Is Associated with Massive, Activated HIV-1 Infection and Concomitant Expression of Several Cytokines

We recently showed that acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) dementia is associated with activated infection of microglia, neurons, and astrocytes by HIV-1. However, it is doubtful whether infection per s...

Authors: Gerard J. Nuovo, Maria Lynn Alfieri and A. Cerami

Conserved Structure and Adjacent Location of the Thrombin Receptor and Protease-Activated Receptor 2 Genes Define a Protease-Activated Receptor Gene Cluster

Thrombin is a serine protease that elicits a variety of cellular responses. Molecular cloning of a thrombin receptor revealed a G protein-coupled receptor that is activated by a novel proteolytic mechanism. Re...

Authors: Mark Kahn, Kenji Ishii, Wen-Lin Kuo, Michael Piper, Andrew Connolly, Yu-Ping Shi, Richard Wu, C. C. Lin and Shaun R. Coughlin

Eotaxin Triggers Eosmophil-Selective Chemotaxis and Calcium Flux via a Distinct Receptor and Induces Pulmonary Eosinophilia in the Presence of Interleukin 5 in Mice

Understanding the processes that control selective eosinophilia is of fundamental importance in a variety of human diseases (e.g., allergies, parasitic infections, malignancy). Interleukin 5, an eosinophil-spe...

Authors: Marc E. Rothenberg, Robert Ownbey, Paul D. Mehlhop, Paul M. Loiselle, Matthijs van de Rijn, Joseph V. Bonventre, Hans C. Oettgen, Philip Leder and Andrew D. Luster

Immunophilin Regulation of Neurotransmitter Release

The immunophilins are proteins that mediate actions of immunosuppressant drugs such as FK-506 and cyclosporin A by binding to calcineurin, inhibiting its phosphatase activity, and increasing the phosphorylatio...

Authors: Joseph P. Steiner, Ted M. Dawson, Majid Fotuhi and Solomon H. Snyder

Osteopenia in 37 Members of Seven Families: Analysis Based on a Model of Dominant Inheritance

The genetic factors involved in determining bone mineral density (BMD) have not been fully elucidated. We have begun genetic linkage analysis of seven families in which many members are osteopenic, in order to...

Authors: Loretta D. Spotila, John Caminis, Marcella Devoto, Koichiro Shimoya, Larisa Sereda, Jürg Ott, Michael P. Whyte, Alan Tenenhouse and Darwin J. Prockop

Macrophage Growth Factors Introduced into the Kidney Initiate Renal Injury

CSF-1 expression precedes renal injury in autoimmune MRL-lpr mice and is responsible for macrophage (Mϕ) proliferation and survival in the kidney. By comparison, C3H-lpr mice do not express CSF-1 in the kidney, a...

Authors: Takero Naito, Hitoshi Yokoyama, Kathryn J. Moore, Glenn Dranoff, Richard C. Mulligan and Vicki Rubin Kelley

Nitric Oxide-Dependent Penile Erection in Mice Lacking Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase

Nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated as a mediator of penile erection, because the neuronal isoform of NO synthase (NOS) is localized to the penile innervation and NOS inhibitors selectively block erections. ...

Authors: Arthur L. Burnett, Randy J. Nelson, David C. Calvin, Jian-Xiang Liu, Gregory E. Demas, Sabra L. Klein, Lance J. Kriegsfeld, Valina L. Dawso, Ted M. Dawson and Solomon H. Snyder

Institut de Génétique et Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire: IGBMC

Authors: Pierre Chambon and Geoff Richards

The Incidence of Alkaptonuria: A study in Chemical Individuality

Authors: Archibald E. Garrod

Inborn Errors of Metabolism: Garrod’s Legacy

Authors: Alexander G. Bearn

Announcements

Authors:

Medical Journals and Molecular Medicine

Authors: Kenneth S. Warren

IBC Sixth Annual Meeting on Antibody Engineering Dec 4–6 1995, La Jolla, CA

Authors: Christine Metz

Molecular Medicine Milestones

Authors: David G. Nathan