Articles

Advanced Glycation Endproducts Promote Adhesion Molecule (VCAM-1, ICAM-1) Expression and Atheroma Formation in Normal Rabbits

Reactive glucose-protein intermediates and advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) are shown to colocalize with atheromatous lesions and to trigger complex chemical and biological responses through interaction w...

Authors: Helen Vlassara, Hubert Fuh, Thomas Donnelly and Myron Cybulsky

The MarR Repressor of the Multiple Antibiotic Resistance (mar) Operon in Escherichia coli: Prototypic Member of a Family of Bacterial Regulatory Proteins Involved in Sensing Phenolic Compounds

The marR gene of Escherichia coli encodes a repressor of the marRAB operon, a regulatory locus controlling multiple antibiotic resistance in this organism. Inactivation of marR results in increased expression of

Authors: Mark C. Sulavik, Laura F. Gambino and Paul F. Miller

LPS and Taxol Activate Lyn Kinase Autophosphorylation in Lpsⁿ, but Not in Lps^d, Macrophages

The anti-tumor agent, Taxol, has been shown in murine macrophages to stimulate tumor necrosis factor (TNF), modulate TNF receptors, induce a large panel of immediate-early genes, and induce protein tyrosine ph...

Authors: Beth E. Henricson, Joan M. Carboni, Anne L. Burkhardt and Stefanie N. Vogel

Antiviral Drugs from the Nucleoside Analog Family Block Volume-Activated Chloride Channels

The antiviral drugs AZT and acyclovir are generally used in the treatment of infections with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV). These substances are known to impede virus replic...

Authors: Martin Gschwentner, Alex Susanna, Ewald Wöll, Markus Ritter, Ulrich O. Nagl, Andreas Schmarda, Andreas Laich, Germar M. Pinggera, Helmut Ellemunter, Hartwig Huemer, Peter Deetjen and Markus Paulmichl

Thalidomide Treatment Reduces Tumor Necrosis Factor α Production and Enhances Weight Gain in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis

The monocyte-derived cytokine, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), is essential for host immunity, but overproduction of this cytokine may have serious pathologic consequences. Excess TNFα produced in pulmonary tu...

Authors: Jane M. Tramontana, Utaiwan Utaipat, Anthony Molloy, Pasakorn Akarasewi, Margaret Burroughs, Sanit Makonkawkeyoon, Barbara Johnson, Jeffrey D. Klausner, William Rom and Gilla Kaplan

Studies on the Chemical Nature of the Substance Inducing Transformation of Pneumococcal Types

Authors: Oswald T. Avery, Colin M. MacLeod and Maclyn McCarty

Immunogenicity and In Vivo Efficacy of Recombinant Plasmodium falciparum Merozoite Surface Protein-1 in Aotus Monkeys

The carboxy-terminus of the merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP1) of Plasmodium falciparum has been implicated as a target of protective immunity.

Authors: Sanjai Kumar, Anjali Yadava, David B. Keister, Jing Hui Tian, Michael Ohl, Kathy A. Perdue-Greenfield, Louis H. Miller and David C. Kaslow

Failure of Alglucerase Infused into Gaucher Disease Patients to Localize in Marrow Macrophages

Gaucher disease is a common glycolipid storage disease, caused by a deficiency of lysosomal β-glucosidase (glucocerebrosidase). Alglucerase is a form of glucocerebrosidase enriched with terminal mannose moieties,...

Authors: Ernest Beutler, Wanda Kuhl and Luke M. Vaughan

Cell Type-Dependent Modulation of the Dominant Negative Action of Human Mutant Thyroid Hormone β1 Receptors

Mutations in the ligand-binding domain of the thyroid hormone receptor β (TRβ) gene cause the syndrome of resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH). The clinical phenotype results from the antagonism of the normal TRα ...

Authors: Rosemary Wong, Xu-Guang Zhu, Mark A. Pineda, Sheue-yann Cheng and Bruce D. Weintraub

Hemoglobin Switching in Humans Is Accompanied by Changes in the Ratio of the Transcription Factors, GATA-1 and SP1

Understanding the mechanism of developmental regulation of hemoglobin switching has scientific as well as clinical relevance because of the influence of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) production in adulthood on the cl...

Authors: E. Rena Bacon, Nava Dalyot, Dvora Filon, Letizia Schreiber, Eliezer A. Rachmilewitz and Arieila Oppenheim

Restricted Usage of T Cell Receptor V_α/J_α Gene Segments with Different Nucleotide but Identical Amino Acid Sequences in HLA-DR3⁺ Sarcoidosis Patients

Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease characterized by the accumulation of activated T cells in the lungs. We previously showed that sarcoidosis patients expressing the HLA haplotype DR3(17), DQ2 had increased n...

Authors: Johan Grunewald, Thomas Hultman, Anders Bucht, Anders Eklund and Hans Wigzell

Construction of a Novel Bifunctional Biogenic Amine Receptor by Two Point Mutations of the H2-Histamine Receptor

H2-histamine receptors mediate a wide range of physiological functions extending from stimulation of gastric acid secretion to induction of human promyelocyte differentiation. We have previously cloned the H2-...

Authors: John DelValle, Ira Gantz, Lidong Wang, Yi-Jun Guo, Gerd Munzert, Takao Tashiro, Yoshitaka Konda and Tadataka Yamada

Nramp Transfection Transfers Ity/Lsh/Bcg-Related Pleiotropic Effects on Macrophage Activation: Influence on Oxidative Burst and Nitric Oxide Pathways

The Ity/Lsh/Bcg gene on mouse chromosome 1 regulates priming/activation of macrophages for antimicrobial and tumouricidal activity. A candidate gene expressed in macrophages has been identified by positional clon...

Authors: C. Howard Barton, Simon H. Whitehead and Jenefer M. Blackwell

An Inhibitor of Macrophage Arginine Transport and Nitric Oxide Production (CNI-1493) Prevents Acute Inflammation and Endotoxin Lethality

Nitric oxide (NO), a small effector molecule produced enzymatically from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS), is a mediator not only of important homeostatic mechanisms (e.g., blood vessel tone and tissu...

Authors: Marina Bianchi, Peter Ulrich, Ona Bloom, Malcolm Meistrell III, Gary A. Zimmerman, Helena Schmidtmayerova, Michael Bukrinsky, Thomas Donnelley, Richard Bucala, Barbara Sherry, Kirk R. Manogue, Anthony J. Tortolani, Anthony Cerami and Kevin J. Tracey

Autoantibodies to Neuronal Glutamate Receptors in Patients with Paraneoplastic Neurodegenerative Syndrome Enhance Receptor Activation

Paraneoplastic syndromes are “remote” complications of cancer characterized clinically by neurological disease. The sera and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (...

Authors: Lorise C. Gahring, Roy E. Twyman, John E. Greenlee and Scott W. Rogers

Bernard N. Fields 1938–1995

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A Molecular Medicine Database

Authors: Kenneth S. Warren

Nuclear Localization Signal of HIV-1 as a Novel Target for Therapeutic Intervention

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a lentivirus and shares with other members of this retroviral subfamily the ability to replicate in nondividing cells, in particular, cells of the monocyte/macrop...

Authors: Larisa Dubrovsky, Peter Ulrich, Gerard J. Nuovo, Kirk R. Manogue, Anthony Cerami and Michael Bukrinsky

Expression Cloning of cDNAs That Render Cancer Cells Resistant to Pseudomonas and Diphtheria Toxin and Immunotoxins

Several immunotoxins in which antibodies are coupled to plant or bacterial toxins are now in clinical trials for the treatment of cancer. One of these is B3-LysPE38 in which MAb B3 which reacts with many human...

Authors: Ulrich Brinkmann, Elisabeth Brinkmann and Ira Pastan

Genomic Organization and Sequence of the Human NRAMP Gene: Identification and Mapping of a Promoter Region Polymorphism

Murine Nramp is a candidate for the macrophage resistance gene Ity/Lsh/Bcg. Sequence analysis of human NRAMP was undertaken to determine its role in man.

Authors: Jenefer M. Blackwell, C. Howard Barton, Jacqueline K. White, Susan Searle, Anne-Marie Baker, Hazel Williams and Marie-Anne Shaw

Hypoxic Induction of Endothelial Cell Growth Factors in Retinal Cells: Identification and Characterization of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) as the Mitogen

New vessel growth is often associated with ischemia, and hypoxic tissue has been identified as a potential source of angiogenic factors. In particular, ischemia is associated with the development of neovascula...

Authors: David T. Shima, Anthony P. Adamis, Napoleone Ferrara, Kiang-Teck Yeo, Tet-Kin Yeo, Rapheal Allende, Judah Folkman and Patricia A. D’Amore

Adenovirus-Mediated Transfer of the Herpes Simplex Virus Thymidine Kinase Gene Inhibits Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Neointima Formation Following Balloon Angioplasty of the Rat Carotid Artery

Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation following arterial injury plays a critical role in a variety of vascular proliferative disorders, including atherosclerosis and restenosis after balloon angiopl...

Authors: Mark W. Chang, Takeshi Ohno, David Gordon, Min Min Lu, Gary J. Nabel, Elizabeth G. Nabel and Jeffrey M. Leiden

Association Between HLA DQBl * 03 and Cervical Intra-epithelial Neoplasia

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer have been shown to be strongly associated with infection by human papillomavirus (HPV). However, other factors may be contributory in the progressio...

Authors: Kunle Odunsi, George Terry, Linda Ho, John Bell, Jack Cuzick and Trivadi S. Ganesan

Differential Expression of Human Tissue Factor in Normal Mammary Epithelial Cells and in Carcinomas

Tissue factor (TF) is a glycoprotein which binds factor VIIa. The TF-VIIa complex serves as a potent initiator of the coagulation pathways. TF, an immediate early gene, may also play a role in cell growth. Exp...

Authors: Zehan Chen and Ruth Sager

Regulation of Transcription Functions of the p53 Tumor Suppressor by the mdm-2 Oncogene

Mdm-2, a zinc finger protein, negatively regulates the p53 tumor suppressor gene product by binding to it and preventing transcriptional activation (16).

Authors: Jiandong Chen, Jiayuh Lin and Arnold J. Levine

Odorant Receptors and Desensitization Proteins Colocalize in Mammalian Sperm

The identification of transcripts encoding putative olfactory receptors in mammalian germ cells (1) has generated the hypothesis that olfactory receptors may serve a chemosensory role in sperm Chemotaxis during f...

Authors: Loren D. Walensky, A. Jane Roskams, Robert J. Lefkowitz, Solomon H. Snyder and Gabriele V. Ronnett

The Latest Fashions in Skin Disease

Authors: Joseph M. Carroll and Lowell A. Goldsmith

Angiogenesis Inhibitors Generated by Tumors

Authors: Judah Folkman

Editorial

Authors: David G. Nathan

The Molecular Basis of Increased Glomerulosclerosis after Blockade of the Renin Angiotensin System in Growth Hormone Transgenic Mice

Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) therapy delays the onset of renal failure in diabetic nephropathy and inhibits or delays the onset of proteinuria in several animal models.

Authors: Emmanuel P. Peten, Liliane J. Striker, Agnes Fogo, Iekuni Ichikawa, Aneeta Patel and Gary E. Striker

Lipopolysaccharide Signals Activation of Tumor Necrosis Factor Biosynthesis Through the Ras/Raf-1/MEK/MAPK Pathway

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is known to activate macrophages, causing the release of toxic cytokines that may provoke inflammation and shock. One of the most important and best studied of these cytokines is tumor...

Authors: Thomas D. Geppert, Charles E. Whitehurst, Patricia Thompson and Bruce Beutler

Glucocerebrosidase Mutations in Gaucher Disease

Thirty-six mutations that cause Gaucher disease, the most common glycolipid storage disorder, are known. Although both alleles of most patients with the disease contain one of these mutations, in a few patient...

Authors: Ernest Beutler, Anna Demina and Terri Gelbart

Circulating Fibrocytes Define a New Leukocyte Subpopulation That Mediates Tissue Repair

The host response to tissue injury requires a complex interplay of diverse cellular, humoral, and connective tissue elements. Fibroblasts participate in this process by proliferating within injured sites and c...

Authors: Richard Bucala, Lori A. Spiegel, Jason Chesney, Margaret Hogan and Anthony Cerami

X Chromosome Inactivation Patterns Correlate with Fetal-Placental Anatomy in Monozygotic Twin Pairs: Implications for Immune Relatedness and Concordance for Autoimmunity

Monozygotic (MZ) twinning is a poorly understood phenomenon that may result in subtle biologic differences between twins, despite their identical inheritance. These differences may in part account for discorda...

Authors: Velia Trejo, Catherine Derom, Robert Vlietinck, William Ollier, Alan Silman, George Ebers, Robert Derom and Peter K. Gregersen

Clonal Hematopoiesis and Acquired Thalassemia in Common Variable Immunodeficiency

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is defined by hypogammaglobulinemia and increased susceptibility to infections. The gene defect responsible for CVID remains unknown.

Authors: Monika Belickova, Harry W. Schroeder Jr., Y. L. Guan, Joseph Brierre, Seth Berney, Max D. Cooper and Josef T. Prchal

The Evolutionarily Conserved Ribosomal Protein L23 and the Cationic Urease β-Subunit of Yersinia enterocolitica O:3 Belong to the Immunodominant Antigens in Yersinia-Triggered Reactive Arthritis: Implications for Autoimmunity

Reactive arthritis (ReA) is a T cell mediated inflammatory process. The immune response is primarily directed against a triggering organism, although autoimmunity has been invoked in long-lasting, antibiotic-r...

Authors: Andreas K. H. Mertz, Angelika Daser, Mikael Skurnik, Karl-Heinz Wiesmüller, Jürgen Braun, Heiner Appel, Steven Batsford, Peihua Wu, Armin Distler and Joachim Sieper

Pentoxifylline and Other Protein Kinase C Inhibitors Down-Regulate HIV-LTR NF-κB Induced Gene Expression

This investigation deals with the molecular mechanism of anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) action of pentoxifylline (PTX) [1-(5′-oxohexyl)-3,7-dimethylxanthine] a drug widely used for the treatm...

Authors: Debajit K. Biswas, Christoph M. Ahlers, Bruce J. Dezube and Arthur B. Pardee

High Prion and PrP^Sc Levels but Delayed Onset of Disease in Scrapie-Inoculated Mice Heterozygous for a Disrupted PrP Gene

It has been proposed that the prion, the infectious agent of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, is PrP^Sc, a post-translationally modified form of the normal host protein PrP^C. We showed previously that mi...

Authors: Hansruedi Büeler, Alex Raeber, Andreas Sailer, Marek Fischer, Adriano Aguzzi and Charles Weissmann

Role of Macrophage Oxidative Burst in the Action of Anthrax Lethal Toxin

Major symptoms and death from systemic Bacillus anthracis infections are mediated by the action of the pathogen’s lethal toxin on host macrophages. High levels of the toxin are cytolytic to macrophages, whereas l...

Authors: Philip C. Hanna, Benjamin A. Kruskal, R. Allen B. Ezekowitz, Barry R. Bloom and R. John Collier

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Molecular Medicine: The Future of Biomedical Science and Clinical Practice

Authors: Anthony Cerami and Kenneth S. Warren