Fig. 4

Representative photomicrographs demonstrating brain histology and immunohistochemical staining for ED1-positive monocytes. (A–C) Brain of a rat treated with BCG (i.v.) + saline (i.c.v.). (D–F) Brain of a rat treated with saline (i.v.) + LPS (300 mg/rat i.c.v.). Arrows point to occasional meningeal inflammatory cells. (G–I) Rat treated with BCG (i.v.) + LPS (300 mg/rat i.c.v.). Double arrows in panels G and H mark the infarcted area, single arrows inflammatory cells in meninges (H and I). (J–L) BCG-pretreated rat that was treated with TNFbp before LPS (300 mg/rat i.c.v.). Single arrows mark inflammatory cells in meninges, double arrows in L denote ED1-positive parenchymal cells. M depicts perivascular infiltrates (arrows) in a BCG + LPS-treated rat (lumen of the vessel marked with a star). These infiltrates were identified as monocytes with immunostaining with ED1-antibodies (arows in N). Staining of an adjacent section with anti-ICAM-1 antibodies b demonstrated positive cells in the vascular wall (arrows). Scale bar = 500 µm in A, D, G and J, in B, C, E, F, H, I, K, and L scale bar = 50 µm, in M–O scale bar = 20 µm.