Table 3 Transcripts with an increased expression
Functional classesa | Gene function |
|---|---|
Tumor-related transcripts | |
Ferritin | Iron storage protein, often overexpressed in tumor cells |
CD23A | Low affinity IgE receptor, highly expressed in B-CLL |
Hnmp-1 (EMP-3) | May function in cell proliferation control |
PTP4A | Potentially oncogenic phosphatase |
rhoCb | Member of the Ras homology family |
Methallothionein 2A | Metal-binding protein, role in proliferation and differentiation, often induced in lymphoma |
Prame | Common tumor antigen |
Neuron-specific enolase 2 | Known to be expressed in HRS cells |
Cathepsin B | Protease, involved in tumor progression |
Putative c-Myc responsive | Role suggested in proliferation and c-myc-induced transformation |
mRNA (RCL) | |
Overexpressed breast tumor | Protein-protein interaction |
protein L34839b | |
Serine protease inhibitor, Kunitz type 2 | Role in tumor cell invasion and metastasis suggested |
Laminin receptor | Integrin, role in metastasis |
L-mycb | Member of the myc protein family, oncogenic function |
CDK inhibitor 2A | Tumor supressor |
FK506 binding protein 4 | Immunophilin, overexpressed in breast cancer |
Dipeptidylpeptidase IV (CD26) | Role in cell adhesion, induced by IL-13, overexpressed in cancer subtypes especially in CD30+ B-cell lymphoma |
N-myristolyltransferase 1 | Overexpressed in cancer tissue |
Nm23H1 | Kinase, overexpressed in many lymphoma subtypes |
Transcription factors | |
ATF-5 | Repressor of cAMP-induced expression by binding to CRE elements |
Activated RNA polymerase II | Transcriptional coactivator, ubiquitously expressed |
transcription cofactor 4 | |
EBNA-2 coactivator (100kDa)b | Coactivates gene expression regulated by the Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 2 |
DSIPI | Delta sleep inducing peptide, leucine zipper protein |
ATBF1 | Transcription factor with homeodomains and zinc-finger motifs, involved in neurogenesis |
L-mycb | Member of the myc protein family |
p21SNFT | Potential repressor of AP-1 function by dimerization with Jun proteins |
Jun-B | Leucine zipper protein, acts as hetero- or homodimer |
Kinases and phosphatases | |
IRAK-1 | Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase, acts in IL-1, IL-18 and Toll-like receptor signaling |
PTP4A | Potentially oncogenic phosphatase |
Nm23H1 | Kinase, overexpressed in many lymphoma subtypes |
CDK2 | Progression of G1/S phase |
Receptors | |
CD23A | Low affinity IgE receptor, highly expressed in B-CLL |
Hnmp-1 (EMP-3) | May function in cell proliferation control |
CCR7 | Chemokine receptor for ELC, DLC, Exodus2, or TCA4 |
Signaling molecules | |
TRAF19b | Overexpression leads to apoptosis |
Quiescin | Induced by change from proliferation to quiescence |
Guanine nucleotide binding protein γ5 | Ubiquitously expressed gamma subunit of G protein |
Dvl-1 | Mediates wnt signalling via beta catenin |
FK506 binding protein 4 | Immunophilin, interacts with IRF-4 inhibiting its transcriptional activity |
CDK inhibitor 2A | Tumor supressor |
Rab13 | Member of the RAS oncogene family |
Bax inhibitor 1 | Suppresses apoptosis induced by Bax |
Adhesion | |
Galectin 1 | Implication in modulating cell-cell and cell-matrix interaction |
Laminin receptor | Integrin, role in metastasis |
Dipeptidylpeptidase IV (CD26) | Role in cell adhesion, induced by IL-13, overexpressed in cancer subtypes especially in |
CD30+ B-cell lymphoma | |
CD44 | Stimulation of CD44 augments the LFA-1-mediated adhesion of cancer cells to endothelial |
cells and induces expression of c-Met, known to be expressed in HRS cells | |
Chemokines, cytokines | |
TARC | T-cell attractance |
TNF member 2 | Tumor necrosis factor, induces apoptosis or proliferation dependent on the target cell |
Interferon-induced transcripts | |
Interferon-induced 15-kd protein | Function not known |
Complement component C4A | Esterase in the complement cascade, upregulated by interferon gamma |
Proteasome activator subunit 2, hPA28 | Positive effector of the 20S proteasome, Inducible by interferon-γ and other cytokines |
Interferon-inducible transmembrane | Involved in relaying antiproliferative signals |
protein 1 | |
Interferon-induced transcription | Activates transcription in response to interferon α |
factor 3, γ | |
Transcripts previously known to be highly | |
expressed in HRS cells | |
Fascin | Dendritic cell marker |
TARC | T-cell attractance |
Topoisomerase II α | Expression associated with proliferation |
TNF member 2 | Tumor necrosis factor, induces apoptosis or proliferation dependent on target cell |
CD44 | Stimulation of CD44 augments the LFA-1-mediated adhesion of cancer cells to endothelial |
cells and induces expression of c-Met | |
Neuron-specific enolase 2 | Known to be expressed in HRS cells |
Cathepsin B | Protease, involved in tumor progression |