Fig. 5
From: Propofol inhibited autophagy through Ca2+/CaMKKβ/AMPK/mTOR pathway in OGD/R-induced neuron injury
[Ca2+]i elevation abolished the PPF-mediated suppression of autophagy in OGD/R-exposed neurons. OGD/R-exposed neurons were pre-treated with a Ca2+ ionophore ionomycin (iono, 0.3 μM), followed by propofol (PPF, 30 μM in 0.1% DMSO) treatment. a, b Western blot was performed to evaluate the effects of [Ca2+]i elevator ionomycin on protein expression of autophagy-related genes LC3, Beclin1, and p62. Quantification of western blots was shown. c The autophagosome puncta of GFP-LC3 by immunofluorescence. Scale bar: 10 μm. Values are represented as the mean ± SD from three independent experiments. *p < 0.05 vs. Control group; #p < 0.05 vs. DMSO group; $p < 0.05 vs. PPF group