Fig. 6

ODSH improves HMGB1-compromised phagocytosis of macrophages. Murine macrophage cells line A RAW 264.7 cells, and primary B bone-marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs), and C alveolar macrophages (AM) isolated from CFTR^−/− mice (CF, n = 3 mice) were incubated with recombinant HMGB1 (10 µg/mL) without or with co-treatment with ODSH at 1, 10, 100 µg/mL for 24 h. Phagocytosis assay was performed on the macrophages by incubating with FITC-labeled latex mini-beads (green stain) for 1 h and then staining with DAPI (blue nuclear stain) and phalloidin (red cytoskeletal stain) to visualize the amount of phagocytosed beads per cell. Fluorescent micrographs were quantified, and the phagocytic ability of macrophages was represented as a percent phagocytic activity normalized to WT control group. D Represented images of macrophage phagocytosis under different conditions. One-way ANOVA was used for multiple group comparison. Each value represents mean ± SEM of three independent experiments for each group. **, P < 0.01, ***, P < 0.001, ****, P < 0.0001 compared to control groups