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Fig. 1 | Molecular Medicine

Fig. 1

From: The antioxidant N-acetylcysteine promotes immune response and inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition to alleviate pulmonary fibrosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by suppressing the VWF/p38 MAPK axis

Fig. 1

NAC could ameliorate the COPD-induced pulmonary fibrosis. COPD rats were treated with PBS or NAC (n = 10). A The weight of COPD rats. B Pulmonary function of COPD rats. C Levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the serum of COPD rats measured by ELISA. D histological score of COPD rats detected by HE staining. E Bronchioles area, thickness bronchioles, the wall area/total bronchiole area (MA%) and the wall thickness/bronchiole diameter (MT%) of COPD rats; F Collagen volume fraction in lung tissues of COPD rats detected by Masson’s trichrome stain. G α-SMA level in lung tissues of COPD rats detected by Immunohistochemistry. Cells were treated with CSE and PBS or CSE and NAC. H Levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in cells measured by ELISA. I protein levels of Collagen I and α-SMA in cells determined by Western blot analysis. ****p < 0.0001. Data are shown as the mean ± standard deviation of three technical replicates. Data among multiple groups were compared by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. Data at different time points were compared by two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc test

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Molecular Medicine

ISSN: 1528-3658