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Fig. 3 | Molecular Medicine

Fig. 3

From: Calcitriol confers neuroprotective effects in traumatic brain injury by activating Nrf2 signaling through an autophagy-mediated mechanism

Fig. 3

Calcitriol (0.5 µg/kg) treatment attenuated TBI-induced autophagic dysfunction. a Representative transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of three groups. Red pentagram denotes representative nucleus, yellow arrows denote representative autophagosomes and red arrows denote representative autolysosomes. b Statistical graphs of number of autophagosomes and autolysosomes per cell. c The effects of calcitriol treatment and TBI on the mRNA expression levels of autophagic markers. d Representative images of Western blots of autophagic markers. e Graphs of LC3-II, p62, and beclin 1 protein expression levels. f, g Chloroquine (CQ) was used to evaluate the effects of calcitriol treatment and TBI on autophagic flux. Data are presented as means ± SEM (n = 5). *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 versus the indicated groups. (Sham: sham-operated group; TBI: TBI model group; Calcitriol: TBI + calcitriol treatment group)

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Molecular Medicine

ISSN: 1528-3658