Fig. 1

SHP-1 knockdown exacerbates atRAL-induced mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. A The knockdown efficiency of shRNA-SHP-1-rLV was confirmed by western blotting. B The scramble-rLV- and shRNA-SHP-1-rLV-transfected ARPE-19 cells were exposed to atRAL (0, 5, 7.5, 10 μM, 24 h), and cell viability was measured using a CCK-8 assay. C Light microscopic images of cell morphology after exposure to atRAL (7.5 μM, 24 h). Scale bar = 100 μm. D, E Representative flow cytometry images of Annexin V-FITC/PI staining (D) and quantitative analysis of apoptosis rates (Annexin V-FITC + /PI- and Annexin V-FITC + /PI + cells) (E). F, G Cells were stained with JC-1 dyes, after being exposed to atRAL (7.5 μM, 12 h) (F), and the red/green fluorescence ratios were calculated (G). Scale bar = 100 μm. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01