Fig. 1

The difference of HOMA index and OGTT in F1 generation of GDM. OGTT curves for the HFD-diet group (n = 6) and control group (n = 6) of mice and comparison of areas under the curve (AUC) at gestational day (GD)0.5 (a), GD11.5 (c), and GD16.5 (e). ITT curves for the two groups of mice and comparison of AUC at GD0.5 (b), GD11.5 (d), and GD16.5 (f). g Fetal weight at GD18.5 of two groups. Student’s t-test was used and *P < 0.05. h Weight of F1 generation of GDM group and control from 3 to 12 weeks,*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. i OGTT curves for the female offspring of two groups at the age of 12 weeks. j Fasting blood glucose of offspring at 12 weeks. T-test was used, P-value > 0.05. k Fasting insulin concentration of offspring at 12 weeks. Student’s t-test was used and *P < 0.05. l HOMA-index of offspring at 12 weeks. Student’s t-test was used and *P < 0.05. Results are shown as mean ± SEM