Fig. 1

CD90⁺ fibroblasts induce angiogenesis by secreting growth factors and extracellular matrix precursors. CD90⁺ fibroblasts are the main source of IL-6, and IL-6 is involved in cell angiogenesis. In human deciduous deciduous teeth (SHEDs), bFGF induces angiogenesis through increased REX1 expression in the FGFR and Akt signaling pathways. At the same time, according to the existing research, bFGF can promote the proliferation of CD90⁺ fibroblasts. In the fibroblasts under the proliferation state, transcription factor REX1 is highly expressed. In addition, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) can effectively secrete functional FGF1 and promote angiogenesis. In human fibroblast-like cells, cerebrovascular production is promoted by activating the lactate receptors HCAR1 and ERK1/2-PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Meanwhile, in CD90⁺ periodontal ligament fibroblasts, angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) chimera COMP -Ang1 promote the cycle progression of human periodontal ligament cells and induce angiogenesis by mediating the phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt and MAPK