Fig. 1

Promoting effects of miR-16-5p on fibroblast proliferation, migration, and endothelial cell angiogenesis. A The expression patterns of top 20 upregulated miRNAs in DM samples and non-DM samples in the GSE68185 dataset. B KEGG analysis of the candidate miRNAs through miRPathDB, wherein deeper color in blue refers to higher − log10 (p value). C Box plot of miR-16-5p expression in skin wound healing tissues (treat, n = 10) compared to ulcer skin tissues (control, n = 5). D Sequence conservation of miR-16-5p between human, mouse and rat. E RT-qPCR measurement of the expression of miR-16-5p in the normal foot tissues of normal rats and foot wound tissues of non-DM and DM rats. F Expression of miR-16-5p in Rat2 fibroblasts and YPEN-1 endothelial cells transfected with miR-16-5p mimic or miR-16-5p inhibitor. G The proliferation of fibroblasts transfected with miR-16-5p mimic or miR-16-5p inhibitor determined by EdU assay (red fluorescence: EdU; blue fluorescence: DAPI). H The Rat fibroblast migration transfected with miR-16-5p mimic or miR-16-5p inhibitor determined by scratch test. I Angiogenesis of YPEN-1 endothelial cells transfected with miR-16-5p mimic or miR-16-5p inhibitor detected by vessel-like tube formation assay. In panels F–I: *p < 0.05 vs. cells transfected with mimic NC. # p < 0.05 vs. cells transfected with inhibitor NC. Cell experiments were repeated three times. n = 8. Measurement data were presented as mean ± standard deviation. Data among multiple groups were compared by one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s post hoc test for multiple comparisons