Fig. 4

HV-107 treatment downregulate migration, invasion and invadopodia activity in breast cancer cells. Transwell migration and invasion assays were performed for MDA-MB-231 (A, H) and MDA-MB-468 (B, I) cells, treated with HV-107 at concentrations ranging from 0 to 2000 nM for 18–24 h respectively. In the invasion assays, transwells, coated with Matrigel, were employed, whereas in the migration assays matrigel was not utilized. The relative number of migrated and invaded cells is presented. Invadopodia formation assays are presented as confocal images (E). The area fraction of gelatin matrix (indicating invadopodia activity) was calculated and presented (C, D) together with calculations of the number of cells forming invadopodia (F, G), for cells treated with HV-107. F-actin, stained with rhodamine–phalloidin (red), FITC-conjugated gelatin (green), and DAPI, used for nuclei staining (blue), are shown. The degraded areas of FITC-labeled gelatin are depicted as black patches marked by white arrows. Oil immersion objectives (40 ×) were used. Scale bar: 80 µm. Mean ± S.E. and significant differences from control (*) are shown (p < 0.05). N = 5