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Fig. 11 | Molecular Medicine

Fig. 11

From: HOXA1 participates in VSMC-to-macrophage-like cell transformation via regulation of NF-κB p65 and KLF4: a potential mechanism of atherosclerosis pathogenesis

Fig. 11

The mechanism diagram revealing the regulation of HOXA1 on atherosclerotic lesions. Under pathological conditions, HOXA1 transcriptionally activates the key transcription factors NF-κB RelA and KLF4 in VSMCs, which drives the transformation of VSMCs into modulated VSMCs. Then the modulated VSMCs undergo phenotypic conversion and transdifferentiate into macrophage-like cells. Accumulation of these macrophage-like cells and other risk factors such as lipids, foam cells, and necrotic cells, contributes to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques

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Molecular Medicine

ISSN: 1528-3658