Skip to main content

Table 4 Studies on the use of probiotics and microbiota outcomes

From: Determinants of microbial colonization in the premature gut

Reference

Type of probiotic

Sample size (n)

Sample time

Outcomes in microbiota samples of PTIsa exposed to probiotics

Probiotics

Non-probiotics

Higher

abundance

Lower

abundance

Other findings

Esaiassen, et al. (2018)

Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis

31

45

Day 7

Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus

-

-

Horigome, et al. (2021)

Bifidobacterium breve M-16 V

12

10

2–9 weeks after hospital discharge

Actinobacteria, Bifidobacterium breve M-16 V, Bifidobacterium

Proteobacteria

-

Millar, et al. (2017)

Bifidobacterium breve strain BBG-001

40

48

36 weeks post-menstrual age

-

-

No difference in the microbial richness and diversity

Nguyen, et al. (2021)

Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis EVC001

31

46

Throughout hospital stay

Enterobacteriaceae and/or Staphylococcaceae

-

Total Bifidobacteriaceae developed rapidly

Plummer, et al. (2018)

Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis BB-02, Streptococcus thermophilus TH-4, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12

38

28

During probiotic administration

Bifidobacterium

Enterococcus

-

Martí, et al. (2021)

Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17,938

54

54

During first week

-

Staphylococcacea; Enterobacteriaceae

-

1–36 weeks PMA

L. reuteri DSM 17,938

-

-

During first month

-

-

Significantly higher bacterial richness, diversity, and evenness

2 years

-

-

No significant differences in the gut microbiota

Abdulkadir, et al. (2016)

Lactobacillus acidophilus-NCIMB701748, Bifidobacterium bifidum-ATCC15696

7

3

During probiotic administration

Lactobacillus spp. (highest abundance); Bifidobacterium

-

Significantly lower Shannon diversity

  

After probiotic administration

Lactobacillus spp. (highest

abundance)

-

-

  1. aPTIs, preterm infants; PMA, postmenstrual age