Fig. 1
From: Nicotine exacerbates diabetic nephropathy through upregulation of Grem1 expression
Cotinine levels in mouse serum after nicotine administration. Twelve-week-old mice were administrated with PBS or nicotine (1 mg/kg) through IP injection. After 30 min, serum samples were collected, and the cotinine levels were determined with an ELISA kit. The results (mean ± SD) from the samples of individual mice (n = 6 in the Con group, 8 in the Nic group) are displayed. *(p < 0.05) compared with the control mice