Fig. 3
From: Nicotine exacerbates diabetic nephropathy through upregulation of Grem1 expression
PAS staining for the kidneys of diabetic mice. A Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining in kidneys of Con and Nic, DM, Nic + DM mice were analyzed. The scale bar is 20 μm. B Results (mean ± SD) represent 10 randomly and blindly selected regions, and representative microphotographs are displayed. Note: C, control; N, nicotine; D, diabetes mellitus; N + D, nicotine + diabetes mellitus. * (p < 0.05) was considered statistically significant when compared with the Con group, and # (p < 0.05) when compared with the D group