Fig. 6
From: Nicotine exacerbates diabetic nephropathy through upregulation of Grem1 expression
Nicotine decreases Nephrin expression in the kidney of diabetic mice. Immunofluorescence staining and q-PCR were performed to detect the Nephrin expression. A Immunofluorescence staining was performed to detect Nephrin protein expression in the kidneys of Con and Nic, DM, and Nic + DM mice. Representative images are shown. The scale bar is 20 μm. B Results (mean ± SD) represent 10 regions randomly and blindly selected from Immunofluorescence studies. C qPCR was performed to determine Nephrin mRNA expression in the mouse kidneys. Results (mean ± SD) from three independent samples are displayed. For all groups, * (p < 0.05) when compared with the Con group, and # (p < 0.05) compared with the DM group. Note: C, control; N, nicotine; D, diabetes mellitus; N + D, nicotine + diabetes mellitus