Fig. 2

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) rescues cell hypertrophy and mitochondrial dysfunction in Ndufc2-gene silenced primary neonatal rat CMs. CMs were silenced for Ndufc2 (Ndufc2-KD) for 48 h. (A) NAD+: NADH ratio. (B) Representative images of β-actin fluorescence and relative quantification are shown. C-D. Representative western blot and corresponding quantification for ANP and β-MHC. E. Representative images of JC-1 and corresponding quantification of the red:green ratio (R:G). F. Determination of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). NMN was administered to CMs for 48 h at 1 µM. CTR indicates not silenced cells (cells incubated with lipofectamine + scramble siRNA). Values are expressed as mean ± SEM (N = 3–4) *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 obtained by using the one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s Multiple Comparison Test