Fig. 2

Increased M1-phenotype macrophages in a female obesity-related murine neutrophilic airway inflammation mouse model. a Representative histogram of CD11c (M1) expression (left) and a bar graph showing the quantitative analysis of CD11c (right) in BALF. b Representative histogram of CD86 (M1) expression (left) and a bar graph showing the quantitative analysis of CD86 (right) in BALF. c Representative histogram of CD206 (M2) expression (left) and a bar graph showing the quantitative analysis of CD206 (right) in BALF. d Real-time PCR assessment of M1-associated gene (iNOS and CD86) mRNA levels normalized to those of GAPDH. e Representative flow cytometry analysis of M1 macrophages (CD11c⁺CD86⁺) (gating in macrophages) (left) and quantitative analysis of the M1 macrophage number (right) in lung single-cell suspensions. f Representative immunofluorescence staining of iNOS (green) and F4/80⁺ (red) in lung sections (×100). DAPI (blue) was used for nuclear visualization. Scale bar = 100 μm. g Representative immunofluorescence staining of iNOS (green) and obR (red) in lung sections (×200). DAPI (blue) was used for nuclear visualization. Scale bar = 50 μm. h Western blot analysis of iNOS in lung tissues. The displayed protein expression value is the ratio of iNOS protein to total protein. Data are expressed as the means ± SDs. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001. For a and e, n = 6 female mice per group; for b, n = 5 female mice per group; for c, d, n = 4–6 female mice per group; for f–h, n = 3 female mice per group