Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population

N

77

113

Maternal_age

(Mean (SD))

32.97 (3.85)

31.48 (3.75)

0.009

t test

Gestational_week_

of_delivery

(Mean (SD))

38.95 (0.92)

39.35 (1.01)

0.006

t test

Gravidity (%)

0.213

Chi-square test

1

20

23

2

31

54

3

13

26

≥ 4

13

10

Parity (%)

0.342

Chi-square test

1

46

75

2

30

38

≥ 3

1

0

Prepregnancy_weight

(Mean (SD))

64.49 (11.86)

56.67 (8.03)

< 0.001

t test

Prepregnancy_BMI

(Mean (SD))

23.80 (3.53)

21.26 (2.26)

< 0.001

t test

Weight_gain

(Mean (SD))

11.76 (4.19)

13.09 (3.95)

0.032

t test

Mode_of_delivery (%)

< 0.001

Fisher’s exact test

Cesarean

41

31

Spontaneous

36

82

Placental_weight

(Mean)

584.17

567.80

0.106

t test

OGTT_0

(Mean (SD))

5.38 (0.27)

4.47 (0.21)

< 0.001

t test

OGTT_60

(Mean (SD))

9.47 (1.74)

7.34 (1.27)

< 0.001

t test

OGTT_120

(Mean (SD))

8.19 (1.57)

6.25 (1.11)

< 0.001

t test