Fig. 4

Ex-4 alleviates cognitive impairments in T2D mice by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signalling in the hippocampus. A–C Results of the novel object recognition test (NORT), D–J results of Morris water maze test (MWMT). A Schematic diagram of the NORT. B The number and time of the mice explored the same two objects in the familiarity stage. C The number and time of the mice explored the two different objects in the new object recognition stage (n = 7/group). D A schematic diagram of the MWMT E Represented latency during the acquisition phase. F Total swam distance during the test day. G Average swam speed during the test day. H Time spent by mice in targeted quadrant during the test day I Represented the percent of time spent by mice in the targeted quadrant and the average of other quadrants. J Total numbers of crossing over the platform during the test day. (K) Represented video tracks of probe trials on the test day. For E–J n = 8–10/group. Values are presented as means ± SD. For C, A ^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01. for the time spent on two objects in each group; and ^§ < 0.05, ^§§P < 0.01. for the explored numbers spent on two objects in each group. For F-J, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.vs CTL; ^†P < 0.05, ^††P < 0.01, ^†††P < 0.001. vs. HF-diabetic; ^‡‡P < 0.01, ^‡‡‡P < 0.001. vs. Ex-4