Table 2 Plasma levels of B-vitamin, related vitamers, and metabolites at baseline
Analysis | Patients with chronic fatigue (n = 40) | Patients with no fatigue (n = 20) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Vitamin B1 | Thiamine (nmol/L) | 2.9 (1.8 to 5.3) | 2.7 (2.0 to 5.3) | 0.97 |
Thiamine monophosphate (nmol/L) | 8.3 (5.4 to 9.8) | 8.3 (6.0 to 11.0) | 0.70 | |
Vitamin B2 | Riboflavin (nmol/L) | 12.1 (6.9 to 18.5) | 11.2 (7.7 to 19.7) | 0.66 |
Flavin mononucleotide (nmol/L) | 11.1 (8.4 to 13.7) | 14.2 (10.9 to 17.0) | 0.02 | |
Vitamin B3 | Nicotinic acid (nmol/L) | 368 (279 to 476) | 372 (311 to 471) | 0.72 |
N1-methylnicotinamide (nmol/L) | 361 (264 to 547) | 439 (302 to 516) | 0.66 | |
Vitamin B6 | Pyridoxal 5ʹ-phosphate (nmol/L) | 52.0 (36.0 to 86.4) | 41.6 (33.8 to 56.2) | 0.16 |
Pyridoxal (nmol/L) | 12.6 (9.6 to 21.0) | 9.5 (8.4 to 12.8) | 0.06 | |
4-Pyridoxic acid (nmol/L) | 19.7 (12.0 to 38.6) | 12.6 (11.6 to 26.5) | 0.32 | |
Tryptophan metabolites | Kynurenine (μmol/L) | 62.8 (55.1 to 73.3) | 60.9 (52.7 to 65.9) | 0.26 |
Kynurenic acid (nmol/L) | 1.6 (1.3 to 1.9) | 1.6 (1.3 to 1.7) | 0.86 | |
Anthranilic acid (nmol/L) | 44.8 (31.9 to 57.8) | 50.4 (44.1 to 67.0) | 0.07 | |
3-Hydroxykynurenine (nmol/L) | 43.0 (36.3 to 57.1) | 43.0 (34.1 to 57.3) | 0.99 | |
Xanthurenic acid (nmol/L) | 17.1 (12.8 to 23.6) | 20.0 (12.5 to 22.1) | 0.55 | |
3-Hydroxyanthranilic acid (nmol/L) | 9.9 (7.8 to 12.7) | 10.1 (9.0 to 11.3) | 0.83 | |
Picolinic acid (nmol/L) | 40.1 (29.9 to 50.4) | 42.8 (29.7 to 57.4) | 0.47 | |
Quinolinic acid (nmol/L) | 38.9 (23.6 to 47.3) | 43.3 (33.6 to 58.3) | 0.21 | |
Nicotine metabolites | Cotinine (nmol/L) | 124 (79 to 152) | 111 (91 to 194) | 0.95 |
Trans-3ʹ-hydroxycotinine (nmol/L) | 0.31 (0.20 to 0.46) | 0.25 (0.16 to 0.39) | 0.34 | |
Other | Cystathionine (μmol/L) | 14.5 (10.8 to 18.8) | 13.5 (10.3 to 17.1) | 0.58 |
Trigonelline (μmol/L) | 0.69 (0.38 to 2.50) | 1.02 (0.47 to 3.38) | 0.44 |