Table 3 Changes in plasma levels of B-vitamin, related vitamers, and metabolites directly after high dose thiamine treatment for 4 weeks in 40 patients with quiescent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and chronic fatigue

Vitamin B1

Thiamine (nmol/L)

295.5 (141.2 to 506.1)

180.3 (53.9 to 408.9)

Thiamine monophosphate (nmol/L)

13.0 (10.6 to 22.2)

18.4 (6.9 to 23.6)

Vitamin B2

Riboflavin (nmol/L)

− 1.6 (− 5.3 to 0.9)

1.9 (0.2 to 6.2)

Flavin mononucleotide (nmol/L)

− 0.6 (− 2.7 to 1.4)

0.5 (− 0.7 to 1.2)

Vitamin B3

Nicotinic acid (nmol/L)

33 (− 12 to 77)

25 (− 37 to 87)

N1-methylnicotinamide (nmol/L)

− 92 (− 267 to 137)

424 (− 72 to 141)

Vitamin B6

Pyridoxal 5ʹ-phosphate (nmol/L)

− 9.5 (− 21.9 to 1.5)

− 4.2 (− 15.8 to 1.3)

Pyridoxal (nmol/L)

− 2.3 (− 8.9 to − 0.4)

− 0.4 (− 3.0 to 3.2)

4-Pyridoxic acid (nmol/L)

− 1.6 (− 7.6 to 6.4)

− 0.3 (− 0.8 to 4.2)

Tryptophan metabolites

Kynurenine (μmol/L)

− 0.3 (− 9.9 to 3.1)

− 3.5 (− 7.4 to 3.4)

Kynurenic acid (nmol/L)

0.1 (− 0.1 to 0.2)

0.3 (− 0.1 to 0.2)

Anthranilic acid (nmol/L)

3.4 (− 4.1 to 22.9)

4.5 (− 0.4 to 13.0)

3-Hydroxykynurenine (nmol/L)

3.7 (− 2.1 to 8.5)

0.1 (− 3.4 to 6.3)

Xanthurenic acid (nmol/L)

2.6 (− 3.6 to 13.9)

0.8 (− 1.8 to 4.7)

3-Hydroxyanthranilic acid (nmol/L)

0.4 (− 1.7 to 2.5)

0.0 (− 1.1 to 2.3)

Picolinic acid (nmol/L)

1.9 (− 7.9 to 13.4)

− 1.5 (− 6.6 to 12.8)

Quinolinic acid (nmol/L)

4.9 (− 6.3 to 14.4)

1.8 (− 3.4 to 9.1)

Nicotine metabolites

Cotinine (nmol/L)

− 19 (− 60 to 19)

− 2 (− 13 to 53)

Trans-3ʹ-hydroxycotinine (nmol/L)

0.03 (− 0.06 to 0.14)

0.03 (− 0.05 to 0.10)

Other

Cystathionine (μmol/L)

− 0.1 (− 1.0 to 4.2)

0.1 (− 1.5 to 0.7)

Trigonelline (μmol/L)

0.04 (− 1.57 to 2.34)

− 0.02 (− 0.07 to 0.89)