Small noncoding RNAs and sperm nuclear basic proteins reflect the environmental impact on germ cells

Table 1 Table summarizing the demographic information and spermiogram analysis of the subjects from the two residential areas (LF and VSL)

Residential area	VSL (n = 15)		LF (n = 18)
Covariate	N (%)	Mean (SD)	N (%)	Mean (SD)	p-value Wilcoxon Rank-Sum	p-value Chi-square
Age		18 (0.4)		18 (1.0)	0.11
Weight		77 (11.0)		75 (10.0)	0.83
BMI		24 (2.6)		24 (2.8)	0.54
Smoking
No	14 (93.0)		17 (94.0)			1.00
Yes	1 (7.0)		1 (6.0)			1.00
Sperm concentration (million)		39 (26.0)		48 (40.0)	0.65
Altered (< 15)	3 (20.0)		6 (38.0)			0.50
Normal (≥ 15)	12 (80.0)		10 (62.0)			0.50
Rapid progressive motility (%)		11 (10.0)		15 (11.0)	0.29
Slow progressive motility (%)		17 (12.0)		21 (9.9)	0.34
Nonprogressive motility (%)		14 (9.3)		13 (7.9)	0.95
Immotility (%)		58 (22.0)		51 (23.0)	0.41
Progressive motility (%)		28 (21.0)		36 (20.0)	0.29
Altered (< 32)	8 (53.0)		6 (38)			0.60
Normal (≥ 32)	7 (47.0)		10 (62)			0.60
Total motility (%)		42 (22.0)		49 (23.0)	0.40
Altered (< 40)	6 (40.0)		4 (25.0)			0.61
Normal (≥ 40)	9 (60.0)		12 (75.0)			0.61
Semen volume (ml)		2.4 (1.2)		2.6 (1.4)	0.74
Altered (< 1.5)	4 (27.0)		4 (25.0)			1.00
Normal (≥ 1.5)	11 (73.0)		12 (75.0)			1.00
Round cells (10⁶ cells/mL)		0.5 (0.4)		1.0 (0.8)	0.04
Epithelial cells (%)
High	3 (20.0)		3 (19.0)			0.98
Intermediate	6 (40.0)		6 (38.0)
Low	6 (40.0)		7 (44.0)
Semen viscosity
V1	12 (80.0)		13 (81.0)			0.72
V2	2 (13.0)		1 (6.0)
V3	0 (0.0)		1 (6.0)
V4	1 (7.0)		1 (6.0)

ISSN: 1528-3658