Fig. 2

SI induces mitophagy in OS cells. A Mitochondrial autophagosomes were observed under TEM; B the location and expression of LC3 were detected by IF; C the protein expression of P62, LC3 II/I, PINK1, and parkin (autophagy-related proteins) were detected by western blot; D the mitochondrial membrane potential (JC-1 red/green) was detected by flow cytometry; E the OCR was measured by an extracellular flux analyzer; F the ROS was measured by flow cytometry. Human OS cell lines U2OS, Saos2, and MG63 were treated with 10 μM, 20 μM, or 40 μM SI for 48 h. All experiments were repeated three times; statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test. ^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01