Figure 3

A. Effect of liposomized DAS mediated chemo-prevention on the development of average number of tumors per mouse. The animals were treated with various forms of DAS after their exposure to carcinogenic agent DMBA. Efficacy of various DAS liposomal formulations was assessed on the basis of their ability to prevent development of tumors. ^aP < 0.001 (free DAS, Lip-DAS, pH-Lip-DAS) versus vehicle control groups (groups II-V), ^bP < 0.001 (Lip-DAS and pH-Lip-DAS) versus free DAS, ^cP < 0.01 (pH-Lip-DAS) versus Lip-DAS. B. Chemo-preventive effects of various formulations of DAS on average tumor size. The chemo-preventive efficacy of various forms of DAS was assessed by measuring the size of the tumors using a caliper. The tumor volume was determined by the formula as described in Materials and Methods. ^aP < 0.001 versus vehicle controls (groups II–V), ^bP < 0.001 (Lip-DAS and pH-Lip-DAS) versus free DAS. ^cP < 0.001 (pH-Lip-DAS) versus Lip-DAS (group VII). C. Percent-inhibition of tumor growth by various formulations of DAS. The animals were treated with various forms of DAS after exposure to DMBA as described in Materials and Methods. The tumor growth inhibition was calculated by comparing the average size of the tumor induced in animals that were treated with vehicle control (acetone treatment). ^aP < 0.001 versus (Free DAS). ^bP < 0.001 versus Lip-DAS.