Figure 5

Immunohistochemical staining of hepatoma and nontumorous hepatic tissue sections with phage S1 (by ABC means, ×400). The bound phages were detected using anti-M13 phage monoclonal antibody, secondary antibody, and ABC complex. Then the cells were stained with diaminobenzidine (DAB) followed by hematine crystal. Panel (A) shows immunohistochemical staining with phage S1 in hepatoma tissues, and the specific binding sites on tumor cells are shown as brown distinctly; (B) shows immunohistochemical staining with phage S1 in nontumorous hepatic tissues with no specific binding; (C) shows a negative control section with immunohistochemical staining with unrelated phages in hepatoma tissues.