Figure 7
Effect of phosphatase pathways on anti-inflammatory effect of LPA. Peritoneal macrophages were pretreated with okadaic acid (0.1–1 µM, 7A) or calyculin A (0.1–1 nM, 7B) for 1 h followed by incubation with LPS (10 µg/mL) with or without LPA (10 µM) for 18 h. LPS-induced TNFα production was examined by ELISA. Data represent means ± SE from three independent experiments. *, P < 0.05 compared with basal; #, P < 0.05 compared with LPS group; f, P < 0.05 compared with no pretreatment LPA/LPS group.