Cadmium Concentrations in Blood and Seminal Plasma: Correlations with Sperm Number and Motility in Three Male Populations (Infertility Patients, Artificial Insemination Donors, and Unselected Volunteers)

Table 3 Examination of the relationship between seminal plasma cadmium levels and other parameters.

Population	Parameter	n	r ^a	P
Group 1: Infertility patients
	Sperm concentration	109	−0.189	<0.05
	% Normal sperm morphology	109	−0.052	0.588,NS
	% Motile sperm	109	−0.201	<0.036
	Follicle-stimulating hormone	51	0.064	0.655, NS
	Luteinizing hormone	51	−0.204	0.151, NS
	Testosterone	51	−0.106	0.458, NS
	Mannose receptor expression	102	0.142	0.154, NS
	Spontaneous acrosome loss	84	0.182	0.099, NS
	Progesterone-induced acrosome loss	23	−0.325	0.131, NS
	Mannose-induced acrosome loss	67	0.187	0.129, NS
Group 2: AI donors
	Sperm concentration	9	−0.259	0.240, NS
	% Normal sperm morphology	9	0.250	0.545, NS
	% Motile sperm	13	−0.110	0.621, NS
	Spontaneous acrosome loss	13	0.594	0.031
	Progesterone-induced acrosome loss	14	−0.404	0.131, NS
Group 3: General population volunteers
	Sperm concentration	35	−0.037	0.833, NS
	% Normal sperm morphology	35	0.101	0.563, NS
	% Motile sperm	35	0.011	0.948, NS
	Spontaneous acrosome loss	9	0.110	0.775
	Progesterone-induced acrosome loss	14	0.117	0.742, NS

ISSN: 1528-3658