Elevated Serum Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) Concentrations in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Are Associated with Markers of Oxidative Stress and Endothelial Activation

Table 4 Crude and adjusted relative risk of all-cause mortality in CKD3–5 patients.

	All-cause (crude)	Hazard Ratio	(95% Cl)	P value
Non-inflamed, high MIF	1.02	0.47	2.20	0.9
Inflamed, low MIF	3.38	1.76	6.47	0.0002
Inflamed, high MIF	3.23	1.69	6.15	0.0004
	All-cause (adjusted)	Hazard Ratio	(95% Cl)	P value
Non-inflamed, high MIF	0.92	0.42	2.01	0.8
Inflamed, low MIF	2.94	1.49	5.77	0.001
Inflamed, high MIF	2.87	1.48	5.58	0.001

Data are presented as hazard ratios (95% Cls) and P values. Inflamed patients were defined as those with IL-6 >4.3 pg/ml (median), and high MIF was defined as those with >676 pg/ml (median). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard model was adjusted for age, sex, CVD, and DM; non-inflamed patients with low MIF were considered reference groups.

ISSN: 1528-3658