Target molecule | Animal model | Effect | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|
Cytokines | Â | Â | Â |
TNF−/−; TNF R1/R2−/− | Ischemia/reperfusion-induced ALI | Not protective | (96) |
IL-1β+/+ | Adenoviral gene transfer to transiently overexpress IL-1β in rat lungs after intratracheal administration induces acute lung injury | induce ALI | (214) |
Chemokines and their receptors | Â | Â | Â |
CXCR2−/− | LPS inhalation | Protective | (82) |
CXCR2−/− | Ischemia reperfusion | Protective | (81) |
CXCR2−/− | Ventilator-induced ALI in CXCR2−/− mouse | Protective | (81) |
IL-1β (Caspase | Bleomycin-induced lung injury | Protective | (97) |
IL-18−/− | Bleomycin-induced lung injury | Protective | (97) |
CCR1−/− | Pancreatitis-associated lung Injury | Protective | (215) |
CXCL5−/− (ENA-78) | Intratracheal application of E. coli | Protective | (86) |
DARC−/− | LPS inhalation | Not protective | (87) |
Cell adhesion molecules | Â | Â | Â |
P-selectin−/− | Cobra venom factor (CVF)-induced ALI | Not protective | (46) |
ICAM-1−/− | CVF-induced ALI; | Not protective | (46) |
Granule proteins | Â | Â | Â |
Neutrophil elastase−/− | Intraperitoneal infection with Gram-negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae and E. coli) | Not protective; increased mortality | (117) |
Neutrophil elastase−/− | Intratracheal application of LPS | Not protective, similar recruitment | (216) |
Neutrophil elastase−/− and Cathepsin G−/− | Endotoxic shock with LPS | Decreased mortality and lung injury in comparison to wild type mice | (217) |
MMP 8−/− | Intratracheal application of LPS | Not protective, increased ALI | (153) |
MMP 8−/− | Ventilator-induced ALI (VILI) | Protective | (152) |
MMP 9−/− | Ozone-induced ALI | Not protective, increased ALI | (150) |
MMP 9−/− | Ventilator-induced ALI (VILI) | Not protective, increased ALI | (151) |
α-Defensins+/+ (transgenic mice) | Using mice transgenic for polymorphonuclear leukocyte expression of α-defensins; acid aspiration-induced ALI |  |  |
Radical release | Â | Â | Â |
NADPH oxidase−/− | Complement-induced ALI | not protected | (205) |
NADPH oxidase 1−/−NADPH oxidase 2−/− | Hyperoxia-induced ALI | NADPH protective NADPH 2−/− Not protective | (204) |
Nitric oxide synthase−/− | LPS-induced ALI | Protective | (207) |