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Table 2 Effect of gene deletion in acute lung injury.
| Target molecule | Animal model | Effect | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cytokines | |||
| TNF−/−; TNF R1/R2−/− | Ischemia/reperfusion-induced ALI | Not protective | (96) |
| IL-1β+/+ | Adenoviral gene transfer to transiently overexpress IL-1β in rat lungs after intratracheal administration induces acute lung injury | induce ALI | (214) |
| Chemokines and their receptors | |||
| CXCR2−/− | LPS inhalation | Protective | (82) |
| CXCR2−/− | Ischemia reperfusion | Protective | (81) |
| CXCR2−/− | Ventilator-induced ALI in CXCR2−/− mouse | Protective | (81) |
| IL-1β (Caspase | Bleomycin-induced lung injury | Protective | (97) |
| IL-18−/− | Bleomycin-induced lung injury | Protective | (97) |
| CCR1−/− | Pancreatitis-associated lung Injury | Protective | (215) |
| CXCL5−/− (ENA-78) | Intratracheal application of E. coli | Protective | (86) |
| DARC−/− | LPS inhalation | Not protective | (87) |
| Cell adhesion molecules | |||
| P-selectin−/− | Cobra venom factor (CVF)-induced ALI | Not protective | (46) |
| ICAM-1−/− | CVF-induced ALI; | Not protective | (46) |
| Granule proteins | |||
| Neutrophil elastase−/− | Intraperitoneal infection with Gram-negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae and E. coli) | Not protective; increased mortality | (117) |
| Neutrophil elastase−/− | Intratracheal application of LPS | Not protective, similar recruitment | (216) |
| Neutrophil elastase−/− and Cathepsin G−/− | Endotoxic shock with LPS | Decreased mortality and lung injury in comparison to wild type mice | (217) |
| MMP 8−/− | Intratracheal application of LPS | Not protective, increased ALI | (153) |
| MMP 8−/− | Ventilator-induced ALI (VILI) | Protective | (152) |
| MMP 9−/− | Ozone-induced ALI | Not protective, increased ALI | (150) |
| MMP 9−/− | Ventilator-induced ALI (VILI) | Not protective, increased ALI | (151) |
| α-Defensins+/+ (transgenic mice) | Using mice transgenic for polymorphonuclear leukocyte expression of α-defensins; acid aspiration-induced ALI | ||
| Radical release | |||
| NADPH oxidase−/− | Complement-induced ALI | not protected | (205) |
| NADPH oxidase 1−/−NADPH oxidase 2−/− | Hyperoxia-induced ALI | NADPH protective NADPH 2−/− Not protective | (204) |
| Nitric oxide synthase−/− | LPS-induced ALI | Protective | (207) |
