Table 3 Histomorphometric and biochemical analyses in rAAV-transduced cartilage (d 90).

Cell densities (cells/mm²)

192 (4)

539 (6)^a

178 (4)

498 (5)^a

BrdU labeling (%)

3 (1)

84 (3)^a

4 (2)

77 (4)^a

DNA (µg/mg total protein)

12.5 (1.2)

23.4 (1.4)^a

9.3 (0.8)

17.3 (0.7)^a

Apoptotic cells (%)

4 (1)

3 (1)

59 (3)

6 (2)^a

Matrix staining (%)

48 (4)

98 (3)^a

11 (2)

94 (2)^a

Proteoglycans (µg/mg total protein)

16.3 (1.4)

59.6 (1.5)^a

6.2 (1.1)

53.9 (1.2)^a

Type II collagen staining (intensity units)

38 (3)

87 (2)^a

19 (4)

82 (3)^a

Type II collagen (ng/mg total protein)

6.4 (0.5)

17.8 (1.2)^a

3.1 (0.4)

14.5 (1.3)^a

IGFBP3 (%)

17 (1)

1 (1)^a

64 (2)

1 (1)^a

IGFBP3 (ng/mg total protein)

0.23 (0.03)

0.03 (0.01)^a

0.55 (0.04)

0.02 (0.01)^a

IGFBP4 (%)

21 (2)

1 (1)^a

67 (2)

1 (1)^a

IGFBP4 (ng/mg total protein)

0.35 (0.02)

0.01 (0.01)^a

0.58 (0.04)

0.04 (0.02)^a

IGFBP5 (%)

23 (2)

77 (3)^a

71 (2)

84 (2)^a

IGFBP5 (ng/mg total protein)

0.26 (0.02)

0.73 (0.03)^a

0.69 (0.02)

1.07 (0.04)^a

IGF-IR (%)

22 (3)

49 (2)^a

52 (4)

86 (3)^a

Phospho-ERK-1/2 (%)

6 (2)

67 (3)^a

57 (2)

87 (3)^a

Phospho-Akt (%)

2 (1)

58 (2)^a

58 (3)

78 (3)^a

Phospho-Elk-1 (%)

4 (2)

75 (3)^a

54 (3)

88 (2)^a

SOX9 (%)

65 (2)

76 (3)^a

40 (2)

58 (3)^a