Figure 1

HIV-1 impairs the ability of DCs to activate both T_N- and T_M-cell responses. Mature DCs were pulsed with mock, microvesicles (MV), or HIV-1 _BaL (HIV) for ∼24 h, washed and cocultured with CFSE-labeled T_N or T_M cells. HIV-1 (375 ng p24 equivalent of HIV-1) was also added directly to mock DC-T cells, HIV-1 preexposed DC-T-cell cocultures or naïve T cells at the onset of culture. Cocultures were restimulated on d 7 with the same DC conditions as d 0. T-cell proliferation was measured on d 8 by CFSE dilution using flow cytometry and ³H-thymidine incorporation using a β counter. (A) Percentage T cell proliferation for T_N and T_M cocultured with DCs preexposed to HIV-1 (n = 12); (B) Normalized T-cell proliferation for T_N and T_M cocultured with DCs preexposed to HIV-1 (n = 12); and (C) T-cell proliferation in naïve T cells, mock DC-T-cell cocultures, and HIV-1 pulsed DC-T-cell cocultures with or without supplementary HIV-1 (n = 4). The experiments were normalized (n = 12) and statistical analysis was performed by oneway ANOVA (Tukey posthoc test).*P < 0.05, **P < 0.005 and ***P < 0.001 were considered statistically significant.