Table 1 Clinical characteristics of patients and control subjects.

n

112

100

Age (years)

53.4 ± 9.9

52.3 ± 9.4

0.398

Female sex (%)

83 (74.1)

65 (65)

0.228

Body mass index (kg/m²)

27.5 ± 4.4

27.1 ± 4.4

0.370

Waist girth (cm)

90.0 ± 12.9

88.0 ± 12.0

0.260

≥88 cm for women and ≥102 cm for men (%)

50 (44.6)

26 (26)

0.006

Blood pressure (mmHg)

Systolic

146.9 ± 36.1

128.3 ± 14.4

<0.001

Diastolic

89.4 ± 18.3

81.0 ± 8.5

<0.001

Systolic ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic ≥90 mmHg (%)

50 (44.6)

18 (18)

<0.001

Glucose (mmol/L)

5.4 ± 2.0

4.9 ± 1.0

0.044

>6.1 mmol/L (%)

13 (11.6)

7 (7)

0.118

Cholesterol (mmol/L)

5.8 ± 1.5

5.7 ± 1.2

0.429

Triglycerides (mmol/L)

1.8 ± 0.8

1.6 ± 1.0

0.081

Cholesterol ≥5.2 mmol/L and/or triglycerides ≥1.8 mmol/L (%)

68 (60.7)

64 (64)

0.885

Basal insulin (mU/L)

16.5 ± 10.4

14.9 ± 5.0

0.182

HOMA-IR

4.1 ± 4.6

3.3 ± 1.4

0.074

Basal cortisol (nmol/L)

416.3 ± 166.2

400.4 ± 146.7

0.473

Post-Dex

72.4 ± 67.1

33.6 ± 16.1

<0.001