Table 2 Redox forms of HMGB1 identified so far.
From: A Systematic Nomenclature for the Redox States of High Mobility Group Box (HMGB) Proteins
Complete notation | Simple identification | Description |
|---|---|---|
HMGB1C23hC45hC106h | Fully reduced HMGB1 | HMGB1 with no posttranslational modifications; predominant form in nucleus and cytoplasm in basal conditions; forms a heterocomplex with CXCL12 that interacts with receptor CXCR4 to promote cell migration |
HMGB1C23-C45C106h | Disulfide HMGB1 | HMGB1 with a disulfide bond connecting C23 and C45; interacts with receptor TLR4 to induce cytokine and chemokine transcription and secretion |
HMGB1C23soC45soC106so | Sulfonyl HMGB1 | Formed after exposure to ROS; has no activity for cell migration or cytokine induction |