Figure 8
Effect of glutamine treatment on PfHz-mediated inhibition of proinflammatory mediators (IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (2.5 × 106) were incubated with LPS for 1 h prior to Gln treatment (0.5, 2.0 and 4.0mM, pretreated 30 min prior to adding PfHz) for different time points. Total RNA was isolated and gene expression analysis by qRT-PCR was performed to quantify the cytokine transcripts using TaqMan® gene expression assays. β-actin was used as an endogenous control to normalize the data by the ΔΔCT method. Data represent average of individuals (n = 3) with each condition performed in triplicate (error bars represent SEM). * indicates P < 0.05 (one-way ANOVA) for Gln treatment relative to LPS + PfHz. (A) IL-1b mRNA fold change. (B) TNF-α mRNA fold change. (C) IL-6 mRNA fold change.