Figure 6
α7nAChR-activated intracellular signaling pathways in cultured cardiomyocytes. NRVM cultures exposed to 8-h hypoxia (HX) followed by reoxygenation (RO) with or without GTS21 (10−9 M) treatment; n = 4/time point; Western blots show total and phosphorylated protein kinases. Bar graphs show the quantitation of immunoreactive bands (AU, arbitrary units). (A) ANOVA was used to determine statistical significance among p-JNK/JNK values at 10, 20, 40 min. RO versus HX at 0 min. *p < 0.01; two-tailed Student t test was used to determine statistical significance between untreated and GTS-treated cells at the same time point #p < 0.05 at 10, 20, 40 min. RO + GTS versus RO at 10, 20, 40 min, respectively. (B) p-p38MAPK to total p38MAPK and (C) pERK1/2 to total Erk1/2. (D) NRVMs under normoxic (NMX) conditions treated with GTS21 showing pERK1/2/ERK ratios; #p < 0.05 versus (-)GTS at 0 min.